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网格划分定义 | 什么是网格划分

网格划分通常用于基于软件的有限元分析(FEA)和计算流体动力学(CFD)仿真。它可以极大地影响仿真精度和执行仿真所需的资源。

有关网格划分的定义、网格划分的类型以及如何优化网格划分,请继续阅读。

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什么是网格划分(或网格生成)?

网格划分的定义

来源:MIT

 

网格划分(或网格生成)的含义是:使用一维、二维和三维的形状(网格面)来定义连续的几何形状(如3D模型)。 

网格越细,3D模型的定义就越精确。 

虽然网格可以手动创建,但如今大多数网格划分都是通过软件在极少人工干预下完成的。 

 

网格划分:有哪些不同的类型 

创建网格的基本方法有两种:结构化网格和非结构化网格。 

在结构化网格中,网格以规则的格子形式构建,并隐含各单元之间的连接关系。而在非结构化网格中,各单元可以以不规则的方式相互连接,使用户能够捕捉更复杂的形状。

 

网格划分在CFD与FEA中的重要性

网格划分是获得FEA/FEM和CFD仿真准确结果的最重要因素之一。 

通常,随着网格变得更小、更密集,结果会更加准确。然而,这也会带来一个权衡:仿真规模会增大,求解时间也会延长。

 

优化网格

网格划分的意义

工程师通常会进行收敛性研究,以确定精度与可用仿真资源之间的最佳平衡。实现这一目标的一种方法是将高密度网格限制在模型的载荷路径和感兴趣区域内。

对于承受较大集中应力的几何形状(如圆角半径),也需要更密集的网格来准确评估应力。  

而远离应力集中或载荷路径的区域则可以采用较大且较为稀疏的网格单元。  

目标是创建既能准确表示几何形状又不会浪费仿真资源的网格。因此,在对计算至关重要的区域,网格通常更密集(单元更细)。

如何生成准确、轻量的仿真网格

使用 Spatial 的 3D 精密网格,减少用户输入,满足求解器要求,并优化 CAE 工作流程。

  • 在规定参数范围内,以极少的输入生成高质量的表面网格。
  • 使用专为仿真设计的选项,确保 CAD 模型的高质量表面网格划分。
  • 微调网格的尺寸、形状、顺序和质量。
  • 生成高质量的四面体网格、混合网格和六面体 3D 网格。
  • 启用高质量且自动的边界层生成。
  • 生成共形的 3D 网格和全六面体网格。

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